Global Battery Express Shipping
The global demand for batteries—powering everything from smartphones and laptops to electric vehicles and industrial equipment—has led to a 25% year-on-year surge in the number of lithium batteries transported as cargo by air . This explosive growth brings significant challenges, primarily related to safety. Lithium batteries pose a fire risk during transport, especially if damaged, defective, or shipped with a high State of Charge (SoC) .
To mitigate these risks, international regulations are constantly evolving. The year 2026 marks a pivotal moment with critical updates from the International Air Transport Association (IATA) and the International Maritime Organization (IMO). This article provides a comprehensive overview of the essential regulations for shipping batteries by air and sea.
The Critical 2026 Regulatory Updates
Air Transport: IATA's 13th Edition Battery Shipping Regulations (BSR)
Effective in 2026, the IATA's 13th Edition BSR introduces stricter safety measures for air cargo . These changes reflect the growing scrutiny on battery shipments and the emergence of new chemistries.
Expanded State of Charge (SoC) Limits
One of the most significant operational changes is the expanded SoC limit. As of January 1, 2026, lithium-ion batteries packed with equipment (PI 966) must now be offered for transport at no more than 30% of their rated capacity . This requirement previously applied mainly to lithium-ion batteries shipped alone (UN 3480) . A higher SoC is only possible with special approval . For reference, the Australian Antarctic Program mandates an even stricter 25% limit for its shipments .
New Provisions for Emerging Chemistries
The regulations have been updated to formally include sodium-ion batteries, with new UN numbers established for their transport .
UN 3551: Sodium-ion batteries (alone)
UN 3552: Sodium-ion batteries contained in or packed with equipment
While specific SoC limits for sodium-ion batteries under air regulations are not yet mandatory, IATA recommends aligning with the lithium-ion best practice of ≤ 30% SoC where practicable .
Sea Freight: IMDG Code Amendment
The maritime industry has also implemented significant changes. The IMDG Code Amendment became mandatory on January 1, 2026 . The key updates focus on electric vehicles and battery types.
New UN Numbers for Battery-Powered Vehicles
To provide greater clarity, new specific UN numbers have been introduced for vehicles powered by different battery types . This replaces the previous catch-all classification (UN 3171).